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HomeMy WebLinkAboutA002 - Council Action Form dated June 24, 2025ITEM #:45 DATE:06-24-25 DEPT:P&H SUBJECT:AMENDMENTS TO CHAPTER 29 AND CHAPTER 13 OF THE AMES MUNICIPAL CODE REGARDING ACCESSORY DWELLING UNITS COUNCIL ACTION FORM BACKGROUND: Earlier this year, the Iowa General Assembly passed Senate File 592, which preempted local regulations pertaining to Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs). The bill was signed into law by Governor Reynolds on May 1, 2025, and comes into effect on July 1, 2025. The minimum requirements of the state law necessitate changes to our local zoning standards. Fundamentally, the law intends to permit ADUs on single-family residence lots in a manner similar to that of a single-family dwelling. The legislation defines an accessory dwelling unit as: "an additional residential dwelling unit located on the same lot as a single family residence that is either attached to or detached from the single family residence." A single family residence defined by the state corresponds to one- and two-family homes as defined in the Ames Zoning Ordinance. The City Council initiated changes regarding ADUs at its May 27 meeting and included a change to require ADUs to meet full rear yard setback (20 feet in lieu of 3 feet). This rear yard change was due to the increased size and height allowances under the state law. Significant aspects of the proposed ordinance that address required changes include increased maximum size from 900 square feet to a maximum of 1,000 square feet or 50% of the size of the single-family residence, whichever is greater. Staff proposes within the new ordinance to define size by the definition of Gross Floor Area in Article 2 of the Zoning Ordinance: the sum of the gross horizontal area of floors of a building, including interior balconies and mezzanines. All horizontal dimensions are to be between the exterior faces of walls or from the center line of walls separating two buildings. Staff believes this is the most easily implemented option, compared to habitable area and net floor area options and aligns with the state law. The Zoning Ordinance has minimum design standards for two-family dwellings (duplexes). The new ADU code applies the design standards to attached ADUs when both doors of the single-family residence and the ADU face the street. The ADU ordinance continues to require ADUs to be of new construction, either attached or detached as allowed by state code. It does not allow for the conversion of an existing home into two dwelling units. The proposed ordinance does allow for conversion of accessory structures to an ADU if the structure meets all ADU setback and other requirements that would otherwise apply. For example, a garage in the rear yard that meets all setbacks could be converted, but a garage with a reduced rear yard setback below 20 feet that applies to ADUs would not be eligible for a conversion to an ADU. 1 Changes to Chapter 13 are clean-up items to align definitions and ownership requirements with the state law. The Near Campus Neighborhood Occupancy limitation will still apply, which limits rental occupancy for properties with increased or additional bedrooms since 2018. Although no parking can be required for the ADU, the standard includes the requirements that the minimum parking of two spaces per single family residence must exist to have an ADU. A full listing of ADU standards is described in the Addendum. The complete draft ordinance is attached. PUBLIC NOTICE The text amendment was reviewed at separate meetings by both the Historic Preservation Commission and the Planning and Zoning Commission. Both Commissions recommended approval with no changes to the staff proposal. The public hearing notice was published in the newspaper. ALTERNATIVES: 1. Adopt the regulations for Accessory Dwelling Units based upon the proposed changes as shown in Attachment A. Suspension of the rules is requested to pass the ordinance on second and third readings and adopt it. 2. Adopt regulations for Accessory Dwelling Units with modified standards. 3. Refer the item back to staff for more information. CITY MANAGER'S RECOMMENDED ACTION: The attached ordinance includes revisions needed to comply with the new state statute for Accessory Dwelling Units, which comes into effect on July 1 of this year. The revised standards require ADUs to be regulated like single-family residence for most development standards (setbacks, lot size, etc.) and removes requirements such as owner-occupancy to rent out the ADU. The proposed ordinance changes are consistent with Council's prior direction to remove the accessory building exception to setbacks for ADUs. Therefore, it is the recommendation of the City Manager that the City Council adopt Alternative No. 1, as described above. ATTACHMENT(S): Addendum.pdf Final Ordinance ADUs Standards.PDF 2 Addendum Senate File 592 regulates how cities and counties in Iowa can regulate Accessory Dwelling Units. The law aims to regulate ADUs similarly to single-family residences. Among things, the new legislations states that: - Accessory dwelling units shall not exceed 1,000 square feet or 50% of the size of the single-family home. - ADUs can be limited by historic building restrictions, though they must be in line with single-family residential requirements for historic structures and/or districts. - Requirements for ADUs cannot be more restrictive than those imposed on single - family residences, including: o Maximum height o Minimum setbacks o Minimum lot sizes o Minimum building frontages o Maximum lot coverages o Density o Aesthetic or architectural standards - The ADU cannot be required to match the exterior design, roof pitch, or finishing materials of the single-family residence. - ADUs cannot be restricted as rental units. - ADUs cannot be required to have additional parking beyond that of the primary dwelling. - Restrictions cannot be placed on ADUs for owner-occupancy, consanguinity, or age. Council gave direction to staff in May to bring the setbacks for ADUs into line with that of single-family residences on the same lot. Staff incorporated that direction into the proposed ordinance and made several other changes using the existing ADU ordinance, adopted in January 2024, as a framework. Proposed changes to the Zoning Ordinance include: - Changes to setbacks to conform with primary dwellings. Current regulations allow ADUs to have reduced rear setbacks (3 feet) in line with other accessory structures. The new regulations will treat ADUs and single-family residences the same. - Change the size from a maximum of 900 square feet, currently the same as other accessory structures, to allow for a maximum of 1,000 square feet or 50% of the size of the house. Size is proposed to be defined according to the definition of Gross Floor Area in the Zoning Ordinance: the sum of the gross horizontal area of floors of a building, including interior balconies and mezzanines. All horizontal dimensions are to be between the exterior faces of walls or from the center line of walls separating 2 buildings. 3 - Remove restrictions that ADUs can only be rented when the owner resides on the site. - Remove the requirement for ADU on-site parking. - Clarify that ADUs are allowed on a property with a duplex as required by state law. - Clarify the rear yard coverage for accessory structures would not apply because of the new setback requirement (currently capped at 25% of the total rear yard area). - Adding a design requirement that if there are two doors facing the street must comply with standards of the City’s two family requirements. - Only new construction of attached ADUs is permitted, no conversion of existing area. - Conversion of an existing detached structure will only be permitted if it complies with zoning standards. 4 ORDINANCE NO. AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE MUNICIPAL CODE OF THE CITY OF AMES, IOWA, BY AMENDING SECTIONS 13.100(5), 13.201, 13.300(1), 13.503(4)(e)(iii), 29.201(5)(6), TABLE 29.406(2), 29.408(7), AND 29.409, THEREOF, FOR THE PURPOSE OF AMENDING RENTAL HOUSING AND ZONING STANDARDS FOR ACCESSORY DWELLING UNITS (ADUs) REPEALING ANY AND ALL ORDINANCES OR PARTS OF ORDINANCES IN CONFLICT TO THE EXTENT OF SUCH CONFLICT; AND ESTABLISHING AN EFFECTIVE DATE. BE IT ENACTED, by the City Council for the City of Ames, Iowa, that: Section One. The Municipal Code of the City of Ames, Iowa shall be and the same is hereby amended by amending sections, 13.100(5), 13.201, 13.300(1), 13.503(4)(e)(iii), 29.201(5)(6), Table 29.406(2), 29.408(7) and 29.409 as follows: “CHAPTER 13, RENTAL HOUSING * * * Sec. 13.100. GENERAL * * * (5)Exceptions. The following residential structures are exempt from these rules: (a) owner-occupied single-family dwellings (see definition of “Owner-Occupied Dwelling Unit” in Section 13.201).For purposes of this exception, an Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) is considered part of the single-family dwelling so long as both dwelling units are owner occupied. * * * Sec. 13.201. TERMS DEFINED * * * DWELLING UNIT, ACCESSORY. Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) is defined and permitted through standards of the Zoning Ordinance as a detached or attached “dwelling unit” on the same property as a single-family dwelling residence. * * * Sec. 13.300. GENERAL (1) Registration required. No owner or operator shall rent, or offer for rent, any dwelling unit for use in whole or in part for human habitation, unless: * * * (c) For properties with an ADU, the property must also include the primary residence of the owner. Sec. 13.503. OCCUPANCY LIMITATIONS * * * (4) Limits based on Zoning District – Maximum Occupancy * * * 5 (e) The maximum occupancy for a single-family or a two-family dwelling unit shall be based upon compliance with all standards of the Code, including but not limited to parking spaces, area requirements, habitable space requirements, and the following: * * * (iii) For properties with a single-family dwelling or duplex and an approved ADU, the maximum occupancy of the single-family each dwelling unit is calculated based upon its individual bedroom count. , if it is the licensed rental unit on a property. An ADU is limited to a maximum of three adults, if it is the licensed rental unit on a property. In no event can both dwellings be licensed as rental units, regardless of owner residency. * * * CHAPTER 29, ZONING * * * Sec. 29.201 DEFINITIONS * * * (5)Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) means a detached “dwelling unit” on the same property with a single- family dwelling that includes the Primary Residence of the owner an additional 1-bedroom residential dwelling unit, attached or detached, located on the same lot as a single-family residence as defined by Iowa Code 562A.6. (6) Accessory Structure means a subordinate structure detached from but located on the same lot as a principal building. The use of an accessory structure must be incidental and accessory to the use of the principal building. Accessory Structures include, but are not limited to, detached accessory dwelling units (ADUs), garages, sheds, and fences. * * * Sec. 29.406. OFF-STREET PARKING * * * Table 29.406(2) Minimum Off-Street Parking Requirements PRINCIPAL LAND USE ALL ZONES EXCEPT DOWNTOWN AND CAMPUS TOWN SERVICE CENTER ZONES DOWNTOWN AND CAMPUS TOWN SERVICE CENTER ZONES Residential Dwellings * * * Accessory Dwelling Units 1 space/RU Not Applicable * * * Sec. 29.408 OTHER GENERAL DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS * * * (7) Requirements for Private Garages and Other Accessory Buildings (a) Accessory Dwelling Units are excluded from this section and must comply with Sec. 29.409. (a) (b) The following requirements apply to private garages and accessory buildings in Agricultural, Residential and Hospital/Medical districts: * * * 6 (b) (c) The following requirements apply to private garages and accessory buildings to legally nonconforming Single Family and Two-Family Dwellings in Commercial and Industrial Districts: * * * (c) (d) When a special use permit is required for an institutional use, garages and accessory buildings/structures shall be exempt from that requirement, if the accessory structure does not exceed 900 square feet. Garages and accessory structures for an institutional use exceeding 900 square feet require approval of a special use permit. * * * (d) (e) The following requirements apply to shared common lot line garages and accessory buildings in Agricultural, Residential and Hospital/Medical districts: * * * Sec. 29.409. ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT (ADU) STANDARDS. An ADU is a specific type of accessory building with requirements additional to those of private garages and accessory buildings provided in 29.408. An ADU is a newly constructed additional residential dwelling unit located on the same lot as a single-family residence as defined by state law. This includes properties with a single-family or two-family dwelling defined within the Zoning Ordinance. (1)Where Permitted. (a)An ADUs are is permitted in the following zoning districts: R-L, R-M, UCRM, FS- RL, FS-RM, and F-PRD on any lot with only a single-family residence. (i)One ADU is allowed on any lot having one existing single-family dwelling that is the primary residence of the property owner, and no other dwellings are on the lot. If a lot has two or more dwellings, an ADU is not permitted. (b)Overlay zoning districts. If the property is in an overlay zone, such as the Single-Family Conservation (O-SFC) or the Historic (O-H), it may be subject to additional design standards and permitting requirements. In the event of conflict between overlay regulations and the regulations included herein, the more restrictive regulations shall control. (2)Independent Dwelling Unit. (a)Detached from the principal building. Location. The detached ADU may be created through the conversion of an existing detached structure or may be new construction creating a new standalone building. An ADU may be: (i)Attached to the single-family residence. (ii)Detached from the single-family residence in a free-standing structure. (iii)Located within a converted, existing accessory structure, so long as the structure complies with all ADU requirements, including setbacks. (iv)No ADU may be established as an addition to or within an existing single-family dwelling residence. (b)Functions Independently. The ADU must function independently from the single-family principal residence. It must include its own bathroom and kitchen facilities and be connected to public utilities including water and sanitary sewer. Separate metering is not required but allowed. (c)Foundation. Whether constructed on site or premanufactured, an ADU must be placed upon a permanent foundation. (3)Lot Size Development Requirements There is no minimum lot size for an ADU. (a)All ADUs shall follow the same regulations as the single-family residence on the property regarding: (i)Maximum height (ii)Minimum setbacks (iii)Minimum lot size (iv)Minimum building frontages 7 (v)Maximum lot coverages (vi)Density requirements (vii)Aesthetic or architectural standards (b)Where side setbacks are based on building height, the single-family residence and the ADU shall individually have minimum setbacks based on their respective heights. (c)ADUs are not regulated as accessory structures or accessory buildings in Sec. 29.408. (d)ADUs are not subject to the rear yard coverage restrictions in Sec. 29.408. (e)ADUs may be either freestanding or attached to the single-family residence. (i)Attached ADUs must be of new construction and not a conversion of an existing dwelling. (ii)Conversion of a detached accessory structure to an ADU must be in compliance with all zoning standards, including setbacks and lot coverage as a newly constructed ADU. For example, a nonconforming detached structure cannot be converted if it does not meet current zoning standards. (f)The design of the ADU when attached to the home with a total of two doors facing the street is subject to the design requirements of two-family homes. (g)ADUs are not required to adhere to the minimum standards of 29.410(1)(a), relating to minimum dimensions. (4)Size Limitations and Bedrooms. (a)The ADU may not exceed 1,000 square feet or 50% of the size of the single-family residence whichever is larger. (i)For purposes of this section, size of the single-family residence is calculated on the Gross Floor Area as defined in Sec. 29.201. (ii)For purposes of this section, the size of the ADU is calculated on the Gross Floor Area as defined in Sec. 29.201. (b)The ADU is subject to the gross floor area limitations of accessory buildings and is limited to one bedroom. Any additional area or room that meets the definition of a bedroom as defined within the Zoning Ordinance is prohibited. (5)Parking & Driveways. (a)One paved off-street parking space is required for the ADU in addition to the two spaces required for the principal building. Although spaces for the principal building can include two cars parked in tandem, an ADU parking space cannot be in front of or behind another required parking space. No on-site parking is required for the ADU in addition to the required parking for the single-family residence. On-site single-family residence parking must be provided to approve an ADU. If parking is provided, it All parking spaces must be paved and located in accordance with the requirements of 29.406. (b)Sidewalk. A sidewalk is required to connect the primary exterior entrance of the ADU with the paved parking area, or to the single-family residence principal building, or the street. (6)Occupancy. (a)Owner-occupancy. No building permit or rental letter of compliance will be issued by the City for an ADU unless the titleholder resides on the property as their primary residence. The property owner’s primary residence may be either the principal building or the ADU. Prior to issuance of a permit, a “Notice of Limitation on Rental” shall be recorded by the property owner, including an affidavit confirming their understanding of rental and occupancy requirements. The “Notice of Limitation on Rental” shall be on a form prepared by the city. Properties owned by an L.L.C. or other non-natural person entity do not qualify as owner-occupied. (a)(b) The maximum occupancy of an ADU is limited to three adults. Additional Occupancy limitations may apply to Near Campus Neighborhoods, as defined within Chapter 13, Rental Code. (b)(c) Rentals. Only one of the two dwelling units on the lot may be a rental. Any ADU or single- family residence principal building that is intended for use as a rental must be registered with the city and have a valid rental permit. All requirements of Chapter 13, Rental Code apply. * * * ” 8 Section Two. All ordinances, or parts of ordinances in conflict herewith are hereby repealed to the extent of such conflict, if any. Section Three. This ordinance shall be in full force and effect from and after its passage and publication as required by law. Passed this day of , 2025. _____________________________________________________________________________ John A. Haila, Mayor First Reading: Second Reading: Third Reading: Passed on: I, Renee Hall, City Clerk of the City of Ames, Iowa, hereby certify that the above and foregoing is a true copy of Ordinance No. _____________, passed by the City Council of said City at the meeting held on ____________________________, and signed by the Mayor on ____________________, and published in the Ames Tribune on _________________. __________________________________________ Renee Hall, City Clerk 9