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ORDINANCE NO. 674
AN ORDINANCE DEFINING "MILK" AND CERTAIN "MILK PRODUCTS, "
"MILK PRODUCER, " "PASSTEURIZATION, " ETC. , PROHIBITING THE
SALE OF ADULTERATED AND MISBRANDED MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS,
REQUIRING PERMITS FOR THE SALE OF MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS,
REGULATING THE INSPECTION OF DAIRY FARMS AND MILK PLANTS,
THE EXAMINATION, GRADING, LABELING, PASTEURIZATION, RE-
GRADING, DISTRIBUTION, AND SALE OF MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS,
PROVIDING FOR THE PUBLISHING OF MILK GRADES, THE CONSTRUC-
TION OF FUTURE DAIRIES AND MILK PLANTS, THE ENFORCEMENT
OF THIS ORDINANCE, AND THE FIXING OF PENALTIES.
Be It Ordained by the City Council of the municipality of Ames,
Iowa, as follows :
SECTION 1. DEFINITIONS. The following definitions shall
apply in the interpretation and the enforcement of this ordinance :
A. Milk. Milk is hereby defined to be the lacteal secretion
practically free from colostrum, obtained by the complete milking
of one or more healthy cows, which contains not less than 8 per
cent of milk solids not fat and not less than 34 per cent of milk
fat.
A-1. Goat Milk. Goat milk is the lacteal secretion, prac-
tically free from colostrum, obtained by the complete milking of
healthy goats, and shall comply with all the requirements of this
ordinance. The word "cows" shall be interpreted to include goats .
B. Milk fat or butter fat. Milk fat or butter fat is the fa
of milk.
C . Cream. Cream is a portion of milk which contains not les
than 18 per cent milk fat.
C-1. Sour Cream. Sour cream is cream the acidity of which
is more than 0.20 per cent, expressed as lactic acid.
C-2. Whipping Cream. Whipping cream is cream which contains
not less than 30 per cent milk fat.
C-3. Half and Half. Half-and-half is a product consisting
•f a mixture of milk and cream which contains not less than 11. 5
per cent of milk fat.
D. Skimmed Milk. Skimmed milk is milk from which a suffi-
cient portion of milk fat has been removed to reduct✓ its milk-fat
percentage to less than 34 per cent.
E. Milk or Skimmed-Milk Beverage. A milk beverage or a
skimmed-milk beverage is a food compound or confection consisting
of milk or skimmed milk, as the case may be, to which has been
added a syrup or flavor consisting of wholesome ingredients.
E-1. Reconstituted milk or skimmed-milk beverage . A recon-
stituted milk or skimmed--milk beverage is a milk or skimmed-milk
beverage made from a manufactured milk product or skimmed-milk
product, as the case may be, such as dried, evaporated, condensed,
or reconstituted milk or skimmed milk. These are not subject to
grading, unless made from graded products, but are subject to the
plant requirements .
F. Buttermilk. Buttermilk is a product resulting from the
churning of milk or cream, or from the souring or treatment by a
lactic acid or other culture of milk or skimmed milk. It contains
not less than 8 per cent of milk solids not fat.
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F-1. Reconstituted buttermilk. Reconstituted buttermilk is
a product resulting from the souring or treatment by a lactic acid
or other culture of dried, evaporated, condensed, or reconstituted
milk or skimmed milk. It contains not less than 8 per cent of mil
solids not fat. This is not subject to grading, unless made from
graded products, but is subject to the plant requirements .
G. Vitamin D milk. Vitamin D milk is milk the vitamin D con-
tent of which has been increased by an approved method to at least
400 U. S. P. units per quart.
H. Reconstituted or recombined milk. Reconstituted or recom-
bined mi!k is a product resulting from the recombining of milk
constituents with water, and which complies with the standards for
milk fat and solids not fat of milk as defined herein.
H-1. Reconstituted or recombined cream. Reconstituted or re-
combined cream is a product resulting from the combination of
dried cream, butter, or butter fat with cream, milk, skimmed milk
or water.
J. Homogenized milk. Homogenized milk is milk which has been
treated in such manner as to insure break-up of the fat globules
to such an extent that after 48 hours ' quiescent storage no visible
cream separation occurs on the milk and the fat percentage of the
top 100 ml. of milk in a quart bottle, or of proportionate volumes
in containers of other sizes, does not differ by more than 10 per
cent of itself from the fat percentage of the remaining milk as
determined after thorough mixing.
K. Milk products . Milk products shall be taken to mean and
include cream, homogenized milk, goat milk, vitamin D milk, butter-
milk, skimmed milk, reconstituted or recombined milk and cream,
milk beverages, skimmed milk beverages, and any other product made
by the addition of any substance to milk or any of these products
and used for similar purposes and designated as a milk product by
the health officer.
L. Pasteurization. The terms "pasteurization, " "pasteurized, "
and similar terms shall be taken to refer to the process of heating
every particle of milk or milk products to at least 1430 F . , and
holding continuously at such temperature for at least 30 minutes,
or to at least 1600 F. , and holding at such temperature continuous)
for at least 15 seconds, in approved and properly operated equipment:
Provided, that nothing contained in this definition shall be con-
strued as disbarring any other process which has been demonstrated
to be equally efficient and is approved by the State health au-
thority.
M. Adulterated and misbranded milk and milk products . Any
milk to which water has been added, or any milk or milk product
which contains any unwholesome substance, or which if defined in
this ordinance does not conform with its definition, shall be
deemed adulterated. Any milk or milk product which carries a grade
label unless such grade label has been awarded by the health office
and not revoked, or which fails to conform in any other respect
with the statements on the label, shall be deemed to be misbranded.
N. Milk producer. A milk producer is any person who owns or
controls one or more cows, a part or all of the milk or milk produc s
from which is sold or offered for sale.
0. Milk distributor. A milk distributor is any person who
offers for sale or sells to another any milk or milk products for
human consumption as such.
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P. Dairy or dairy farm. A dairy or dairy farm is any place
or premises where one or more cows are kept, a part or all of the
milk or milk products from which is sold or offered for sale.
Q. Milk plant. A milk plant is any place or premises or
establishment where milk or milk products are collected, handled,
processed, stored, bottled, pasteurized, or prepared for distribu-
tion, except an establishment where milk or milk products are sold
at retail only.
R. Health Officer. The term "health officer" shall mean t'�
health authority of the municipality of Ames, Iowa, or his author-
ized representative.
S. Average bacterial plate count, direct_ microscopic count,
reduction time, cooling temperature, and coliform count. Average
bacterial plate count, average direct microscopic count, and aver-
age coliform count shall be taken to mean the logarithmic average,
and average reduction time and average cooling temperature shall b
taken to mean the arithmetic average, of the respective results of
the last four consecutive samples, taken upon separate days (irre-
spective of the date of grading or regrading) .
T. Person. The word "person" shall mean any individual,
partnership, corporation, company, trustee, or association.
U. And/or. Where the term "and/or" is used, "and" shall
apply where possible, otherwise it shall apply.
SECTION 2. THE SALE OF ADULTERATED, MISBRANDED, OR UNGRADED
MILK OR MILK PRODUCTS PROHIBITED. No person shall within the
municipality of Ames, Iowa, or its police jurisdiction, produce,
sell, offer or expose for sale, or have in possession with intent
to sell, any milk or milk product which is adulterated, misbranded,
or ungraded. It shall be unlawful for any person, elsewhere than in
private home, to have in possession any adulterated, misbranded, o
ungraded milk or milk product: Provided, that in an emergency the
sale of ungraded milk or milk products may be authorized by the
health officer, in which case they shall be labeled "ungraded. "
Adulterated, misbranded, and/or improperly labeled ungraded
milk or milk products may be impounded by the healt' officer and
disposed of in accordance with St^te Taw.
SECTION 3. PERMITS. It shall be unlawful for any person to
bring into, send into, or receive into the municipality of Ames,
Iowa, or its police jurisdiction, for sale, or to sell, or offer
for sale therein, or to have in storage where milk or milk product
are sold or served, any milk or milk products defined in this or-
dinance, who does not possess a permit from the health officer of
the municipality of Ames, Iowa.
Every milk producer, milk distributor, and operator of a milk
plant shall secure a permit. Only a person who complies with the
requirements of this ordinance shall be entitled to receive and re-
tain such a permit. Permits shall not be transferable with respect
to persons and/or locations.
Such a permit may be temporarily suspended by the health offi-
cer upon violation by the holder of any of the terms of this ordin
ante, or for interference with the health officer in the performance
of his duties, or revoked after an opportunity for a hearing by the
health officer upon serious or repeated violations .
SECTION 4. LABELING. All bottles, cans, packages, and other
containers enclosing milk or any dairy product defined in Section
of this ordinance shall be plainly labeled or marked with (1) the
name of the contents as given in the definitions in this ordinance;
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(2) the grade of the contents, in the case of milk and all milk
products listed in Section 1 (K) ; (3) the word "pasteurized" only
if the contents have been pasteurized; (4 the word "raw" only if
the contents are raw; (5) the phrase "for pasteurization" if the
contents are to be pasteurized; (6) the name of the producer if
the contents are raw, and the identity of the plant at which the
contents were pasteurized if the contents are pasteurized; (7) the
word "reconstituted" or "recombined" if the contents are reconsti-
tuted or recombined; and in the case of vitamin D milk the designa-
tion "Vitamin D Milk, " the source of the vitamin D, and the number
of units per quart: Prodded, that only the identity of the pro-
ducer shall be required on cans delivered to a milk plant which
receives only raw milk for pasteurization of one grade only and
which immediately dumps, washes, and returns the cans to the pro-
ducer.
The label or mark shall be in letters of a size, kind, and
color approved by the health officer and shall contain no marks or
words which are misleading.
SECTION 5. INSPECTION OF DAIRY FARMS AND MILK PLANTS. Prior
to the issuance of a permit and at least once every 6 months there-
after, the health officer shall inspect all dairy farms and all
milk plants whose milk or milk products are intended for consumptio
within the municipality of Ames, Iowa, or its police jurisdiction:
Provided, that the health officer may accept the results of periodi
industry inspections of producer dairies if such inspections have
been officially checked periodically and found satisfactory. In
case the health officer discovers the violation of any requirement,
he shall make a second inspection after a lapse of such time as he
deems necessary for the defect to be remedied, but not before the
lapse of 3 days, and the second inspection shall be used in deter-
mining compliance with the grade requirements of this ordinance .
Any violation of the same requirement of this ordinance on such re-
inspection shall call for immediate degrading, suspension of permit
and/or court action.
One copy of the inspection report shall be posted by the health
officer in a conspicuous place upon an inside wall of one of the
dairy farm or milk plant buildings, and said inspection report shal
not be defaced or removed by any person except the health officer.
Another copy of the inspection report shall be filed with the rec-
ords of the health department.
Every milk producer and distributor shall, upon the request of
the health officer, permit him access to all parts of the establish
ent, and every distributor shall furnish the health officer, upon
his request, for official use only, a true statement of the actual
quantities of milk and milk products of each grade purchased and
sold, together with a list of all sources, records of inspections
and tests, and recording thermometer charts .
SECTION 6. THE EXAMINATION OF MILK AND MILK During
each 6-months period at least four samples of milk and�RODUCTS.
cream from
each dairy farm and each milk plant shall be taken on separate days
and examined by the health officer: Provided, that in the case of
raw milk for pasteurization the health officer may accept the re-
sults of non-official laboratories which have been officially
Necked periodically and found satisfactory. Samples of other milk
products may be taken and examined by the health officer as often a
e deems necessary. Samples may be taken by the health officer at
any time prior to the final delivery of the milk or milk products.
amples of milk and milk products from stores, cafes, soda fountain ,
restaurants, and other places where milk or milk products are sold
hall be examined as often as the health officer may require. All
roprietors of such places shall furnish the health officer, upon
is request, with the names of all distributors from whom their mill.
and milk products are obtained. Bacterial plate counts, direct
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microscopic counts, reduction tests, coliform determinations,
phosphatase tests, and other laboratory tests shall conform to the
procedures in the current edition of "Standard Methods for the
Examination of Dairy Products" recommended by the American Public
Health Association. Examinations may include such other chemical
and physical determinations as the health officer may deem neces-
sary for the detection of adulteration. Bioassays of the vitamin
content of vitamin D milk shall be made when required by the heap
officer in a laboratory approved by him for such examinations .
Whenever the average bacterial count, the average reduction
time, the average cooling temperature, or the average coliform
count falls beyond the limit for the grade then held, the health
officer shall send written notice thereof to the person concerned
and shall take an additional sample, but not before the lapse of
3 days, for determining a new average in accordance with Section 1
(S) . Violation of the grade requirements by the new average or by
any subsequent Lverage during the remainder of the current 6-months
period shall call for immediate degrading, suspension of the permit
and/or court action, unless the last individual result is within
the grade limit.
In case of violation of the phosphatase test requirement, the
cause of underpasteurization shall be determined and removed before
milk or milk products from this plant can again be sold as pasteurized
milk or milk products .
SECTION 7. THE GRADING OF MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS. At least
once every 6 months the health officer shall announce the grades o
all milk and milk products delivered by all distributors and ulti-
mately consumed within the municipality of Ames, Iowa, or its police
jurisdiction.
Grades shall be based on the following standards, the grading
of milk products being identical with the grading of milk, except
that the bacterial count standards shall be doubled in the case of
cream and omitted in the case of sour cream and buttermilk. Vita-
min D milk shall be only of grade A or grade B pasteurized, certi-
fied pasteurized, or certified raw quality. The grade of a milk
product shall be that of the lowest grade milk or milk product use
in its preparation.
CERTIFIED MILK-RAW. Certified milk-raw is raw milk which con-
forms with the requirements of the American Association of Medical
Milk Commissions in force at the time of production and is produce
under the supervision of a medical milk commission reporting monthly
to the health officer and of the State health authority or of the
municipal health officer of Ames, Iowa.
GRADE A RAW MILK. Grade A raw milk for pasteurization is raw
milk produced upon dairy farms conforming with all of the following
items of sanitation and the bacterial plate count or the direct
microscopic clump count of which, as delivered from the farm, does
not exceed 200,000 per milliliter, or the methylene blue reduction
time of which is not less than 52 hours, or the resazurin reduction
time of which to P 7/4 is not less than 3 hours, as determined in
accordance with Section 6.
Item 1r. Cows, health. Except as provided hereinafter, a
tuberculin test of all herds and additions thereto shall be made
before any milk therefrom is sold, and at least once every 12 months
thereafter, by a licensed veterinarian approved by the State live-
stock sanitary authority. Said tests shall be made and any re-
actors disposed of in accordance with the requirements approved by
the United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Animal In-
dustry, for accredited herds. A certificate signed by the veteri-
narian or attested to by the health officer and filed as directed
by the health officer shall be evidence of the above test: Provided,
that in modified accredited tuberculosis-free counties in which the
modified accredited area plan is applied to the dairy herds, the
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modified accredited area system approved by the United States Burea
of Animal Industry shall be accepted in lieu of annual testing, in
case the milk is to ->> pasteurized.
Within one (1) year after adoption of this ordinance all milk
and milk products shall be from herds following one of the proced-
ures approved by the BAI and the Iowa Department of Agriculture for
the eradication of brucellosis, evidence of the adoption of the
above plan to be filed as directed by the health officer.
Cows which show a complete induration of one quarter or exten-
sive induration in one or more quarters of the udder upon physical
examination, whether secreting abnormal milk or not, shall be per-
manently excluded from the milking herd: Provided, that this shall
not apply in the case of a quarter that is completely dry. Cows
giving bloody, stringy, or otherwise abnormal milk, but without
entire or extensive induration of the udder, shall be excluded from
the herd until reexamination shows that the milk has become normal.
For other diseases such tests and examinations as the health
officer may require after consultation with State livestock sani-
tary officials shall be made at intervals and by methods prescribed
by him, and any diseased animals or reactors shall be disposed of
as he may require.
Item 2r. Milking stable, lighting. A milking barn or stable
shall be provided. It shall be provided with adequate light,
properly distributed, for day or night milking.
Item 3r. Milking stable, air space and ventilation. Such
sections of the milking barn or stable where cows are kept or
milked shall be well ventilated and shall be so arranged as to avoi
overcrowding.
Item 4r. Milking stable, floors, animals. The floors and
gutters of that portion of the barn or stable in which cows are
milked shall be constructed of concrete or other approved imper-
vious and easily cleaned material: Provided, that existing floors
of tight wood may be accepted. Floors and gutters shall be graded
to drain properly and shall be kept clean and in good repair. No
swine or fowl shall be permitted in the milking stable. If horses,
dry cows, calves, or bulls are stabled therein, they shall be con-
fined in stalls, stanchions, or pens, which shall be kept clean and
in good repair.
Item 5r. Milking stable, walls and ceilings . The interior
walls and the ceilings of the milking barn or stable shall be smoot ,
shall be whitewashed or painted as often as may be necessary, or
finished in an approved manner, and shall be kept clean and in good
repair. In case there is a second story above the milking barn or
stable the ceiling shall be tight. If feed is ground or mixed or
sweet feed is stored in a feed room or feed storage space adjoining
the milking space, it shall be separated therefrom by a dust-tight
partition and door. No feed shall be stored in the milking portion
of the barn.
Item 6r. Cow yard. The cow yard shall be graded and gained
as well as practicable and so kept "'iat there are not standing pool
of water nor accumulations of organic wastes. Swine shall be kept
out.
Item 7r. Manure disposal. All manure shall be removed and
stored or disposed of in such manner as best to prevent the breed-
ing of flies therein and the access of cows to piles thereof: Pro-
vided, that in loafing or pen type stables manure droppings shall
be removed or clean bedding added at sufficiently frequent interval
to prevent the accumulation of manure on cows ' udders and flanks
and the breeding of flies .
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Item 8r. Milk house or room, construction and equipment. (a)
There shall be provided a milk house or milk room in which the cool
ing, handling, and storing of milk and milk products and the wash-
ing, bactericidal treatment, and storing of milk containers and
utensils shall be done. The milk house or room shall be provided
with a tight floor constructed of concrete or other impervious
material, in good repair, and graded to provide proper drainage .
(b) It shall have walls and ceilings of such construction as to
permit easy cleaning and shall be well painted or finished in an
ap roved manner. (ci It shall be well lighted and ventilated.
(dy It shall have all openings effectively screened, including
outward-opening, self-closing doors, unless other effective means
are provided to prevent the entrance of flies. (e) It shall be
used for no other purposes than those specified above except as
may be approved by the health officer; shall not open directly into
a stable or into any room used for domestic purposes; shall be pro-
vided with adequate facilities for the heating of water for the
cleaning of utensils; shall be equipped with two-compartment sta-
tionary wash and rinse vats.
Item 9r. Milk house or room, cleanliness and flies. The
floors, walls, ceilings, and equipment of the milk house or room
shall be kept clean at all times . All means necessary for the
elimination of flies shall be used. A placard containing Section 13
shall be posted in the milk house.
Item 10r. Toilet. Every dairy farm shall be provided with
one or more sanitary toilets conveniently located and properly con
structed, operated, maintained so that the waste is inaccessible
to flies and does not pollute the surface soil or contaminate any
water supply.
Item 11r. Water supply. Water for all dairy purposes shall
be from a supply properly located, protected, and operated, and shall
be easily accessible, adequate, and of a safe sanitary quality.
Item 12r. Utensils, construction. All multi-use containers,
equipment, or other utensils used in the handling, storage, or trans-
portation of milk or milk products shall be made of smooth, non-
absorbent material and of such construction as to be easily cleaned,
and shall be in good repair. Joints and seams shall be welded or
soldered flush. Woven wire cloth shall not be used for straining
milk. If milk is strained, filter pads shall be used and shall no
be re-used. All milk pails obtained hereafter shall be of the sea -
less hooded type. All single-service containers, closures, and fi -
ter pads used shall have been manufactured, packaged, transported,
and handled in a sanitary manner.
Item 13r. Utensils, cleaning. All multi-use containers,
equipment, and other utensils used in the handling, storage, or
transportation of milk and milk products shall be thoroughly cleaned
after each usage.
Item 14r. Utensils, bactericidal treatment. All multi-use
containers, equipment, and other utensils used in the handling,
storage, or transportation of milk or milk products shall, before
each usage, be effectively subjected to an approved bactericidal
process with steam, hot water, chemicals, or hot air.
Item 15r. Utensils, storage. All containers and other utensils
used in the handling, storage, or transportation of milk or milk
products shall, unless stored in bactericidal solutions, be so
stored as to drain and dry and so as not to become contaminated
before being used.
Item 16r. Utensils, handling. After bactericidal treatment
containers and other milk and milk products utensils shall be hand ed
in such a manner as to prevent contamination of any surface with
which milk or milk products come in contact.
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Item 17r. Milking, udders and teats, abnormal milk. Mix ing
shall be done in the milking barn or stable . The udders and t ats
of all milking cows shall be kept clean and wiped with an appr ved
bactericidal solution at the time of milking. Abnormal milk s all
be kept out of the milk supply and shall be so handled and disposed
of as to preclude the infection of the cows and the contaminat on
of milk utensils .
Item 18r. Milking, flanks. The flanks, bellies, and tails
of all milking cows shall be free from visible dirt at the tima of
milking. All brushing shall be completed before milking comme ces
Item 19r. Milkers ' hands . Milkers ? hands shall be washe
clean, rinsed with an effective bactericidal solution, and dri d
with a clean towel immediately before milking and following any
interruption in the milking operation. Wet-hand milking is pro-
hibited.
Item 20r. Clean clothing. Milkers and milk handlers shall
wear clean outer ga— r�s while milking or handling milk, milk
products, containers, utensils, or equipment.
Item 21r. Milk stools . Milk stools shall be kept clean.
Item 22r. Removal of milk. Each pail or can of milk sha 1
be removed immediately to the milk house or straining room. N
milk shall be strained or poured in the barn unless it is protecte
from flies and other contamination.
Item 23r. Cooling. Milk shall be cooled immediately after
completion of milking to 600 F. or less and maintained at that
temperature until delivered and dumped, except morning's milkde-
livered and dumped before 9:00 A. M. standard time, and milk which
does not comply with this requirement shall be subject to rejec-
tion.
Item 24r. Vehicles and surroundings . All vehicles used for
the transportation of mftk or milk products shall be so constr ete
and operated as to protect their contents from the sun, from freez-
ing, and from contamination. All vehicles used for the distribu-
tion of milk and milk products shall have the distributor's name
prominently displayed.
The immediate surroundings of the dairy shall be kept clean
and free of health nuisances.
GRADE B RAW MILK. Grade B raw milk for pasteurization is raw
milk which violates the bacterial standard for grade A raw milk fo
pasteurization but conforms ,,all other requirements, and the
bacterial plate count or thy,. "�Ct microscopic clump count of
which, as delivered from the` Parm, does not exceed 1,000,000 per
milliliter, or the methylene blue reduction time of which is not
less than 4 hours, or the resazurin reduction time of which to
P 7/4 is not less than 2' hours, as determined in accordance with
Section 6.
GRADE C RAW MILK. Grade C raw milk for pasteurization is raw
milk which violates any of the requirements for grade B raw milk
for pasteurization.
CERTIFIED MILK-PASTEURIZED. Certified milk-pasteurized is
certified milk-raw which has been pasteurized, cooled, and bottled
in a milk plant conforming with the requirements for grade A past
teurized milk.
GRADE A PASTEURIZED MILK. Grade A pasteurized milk is grade fi
raw milk for pasteurization which has been pasteurized, cooled,
and placed in the final container in a milk plant conforming with
all of the following items of sanitation which in all cases shows
efficient pasteurization as evidenced by satisfactory phosphata e
tests, and which at no time after pasteurization and until deli er
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has a bacterial plate count exceeding 30,000 per milliliter or a
coliform count exceeding 10 per milliliter as determined in ac ord-
ance with Section 6: Provided, that the raw milk, at no time e-
tween dumping and pasteurization, has a bacterial plate count r
direct microscopic clump count exceeding 400,000 per ml. or a
methylene blue reduction time of less than 4 3/4 hours, or a
resazurin reduction time of less than 2 3/4 hours, as determined in
accordance with Section 6: Provided further, that the bacterial
plate count of the raw cream does not exceed 4005000 per ml. a
the place of separation nor 800,000 per ml. at any time prior to
pasteurization.
T�e grading of a pasteurized milk supply shall include the in-
spect1.._i of receiving and collecting stations with respect to com-
pliance with items 1p to 15p inclusive, and 17p, 19p5 22p, and 23p.
except that the partitioning requirement of item 5p shall not apply
Item 1p. Floors. The floors of all rooms in which milk o
milk products are handled or stored or in which milk utensils are
washed shall be constructed of concrete or other equ lly impervious
and easily cleaned material and shall be smooth, proNrly drain d,
provided with trapped drains, and kept clean and in good repair
Item 2p. Walls and ceilings. Walls and ceilings of rooms in
which milk or milk products are handled or stored, or in which milk
utensils are washed, shall have a smooth, washable, light-colored
surface, and shall be kept clean and in good repair. tD
Item 3p. Doors and windows . Unless other effective means are
provided to prevent the access of flies, all openings to the outer
air shall be effectively screened and all doors shall be self-
closing.
Item 4p. Lighting and ventilation. All rooms shall be we ' l
lighted and ventilated.
Item 5p. Miscellaneous protection from contamination. Th
various milk plant operations shall be so located and conducted as
to prevent any contamination of the milk or of cleaned equipment .
All means necessary for the elimination of flies, other insects,
and rodents, shall be used. There shall be separate rooms for (a)
the pasteurizing, processing, cooling and bottling operations, and
(b) the washing and bactericidal treatment of containers. Cans of
raw milk shall not be unloaded directly into the pasteurizing room.
Rooms in which milk, milk products, cleaned utensils, or containers
are handled or stored shall not open directly into any stable or
living quarters . The pasteurization plant, milk containers, uten-
sils, and equipment shall be used for no other purposes than the
processing of milk and milk products and the operations incident
thereto, except as may be approved by the health officer.
Item 6p. Toilet facilities . Every milk plant shall be pro-
vided with toilet facilities conforming with the ordinances of t1le
unicipality of Ames, Iowa. Toilet rooms shall not open directl
into any room in which milk, milk products, equipment, or contai er
re andled or stored. The doors of all toilet rooms shall be el
losing. Toilet rooms shall be kept in a clean condition, in go d
repair, and well ventilated. A placard containing Section 13 ani a
ign directing employees to wash their hands before returning to
ork shall be posted in all toilet rooms used by employees . In as
riv es or earth closets are permitted and used, they shall be
epa ate from the building and shall be of a sanitary type con-
tru ted and operated in conformity with the requirements of item 1 r,
rad A raw milk.
Item 7p. Water supply. The water supply shall be easily ac-
essible, adequate, and of a safe sanitary quality.
Item 8p. Hand-washing facilities . Convenient hand-washing
acilities shall be provided, including hot and cold running water,
oap and approved sanitary towels. Hand-washing facilities shall
10
e kept clean. The use of a common towel is prohibited. No em-
Ioyee shall resume work after using the toilet room without first
ashing his hands.
Item 9p. Sanitary piping. All piping used to conduct milk or
ilk products shall be sanitary milk piping" of a type which can
e easily cleaned with a brush. Pasteurized milk and milk products
hall be conducted rom one piece of equipment to another only
through sanitary mi k piping.
Item 10p. Con truction and repair of containers and equipment
ll multi-use containers and equipment with which milk or milk
roducts come in contact shall be so constructed and located as to
e easily cleaned and shall be kept in good repair. All single-
ervice containers, closures, and gaskets used shall have been
anufactured, packaged, transported and iiaiwllerd in a sanitary manne .
Item llp. Plumbing and disposal of wastes. All wastes shall le
properly disposed of . All plumbing and equipment shall be s• de-
igned and installed as to prevent contamination of the water supply
and of milk equipment by backflow.
Item 12p. Cleaning and bactericidal treatment of containers
land equipment. All Milk and milk products containers and equipment
except single-service containers, shall be thoroughly cleaned after
each usage. All containers shall be effectively subjected to a6.
approved bactericidal process after each cleaning and all equipment
immediately before each usage. When empty and before being returned
o a producer by a milk plant each container shall be thoroughly
leaned and effectively subjected to an approved bactericidal
process .
Item 13p. Storage of containers and equipment. After bacteri
idal treatment, all bottles, cans, and other multi-use milk or mil
products containers and equipment shall be stored in such manner as
o be protected from contamination.
Item 14p. Hand ing of containers and equipment. Between bac-
tericidal treatment and usage and during usage, containers and
equipment shall not be handled or operated in such manner as to per
it contamination of the milk. Pasteurized milk or milk products
hall not be permitted to come in contact with equipment with which
npasteurized milk or milk products have been in contact, unless
he equipment has first been thoroughly cleaned and effectively sub-
jected to an approved bactericidal process. No milk or milk products
hall be permitted to come in contact with equipment with which a
ower grade of milk or milk products has been in contact, unless th
equipment has first been thoroughly cleaned and effectively subject Ed
o an approved bactericidal process.
Item 15p. Storage of caps, parchment paper, and single-servic
containers . Milk bottle caps or cap stock, parchment paper for mil
cans, and single-service containers and gaskets shall be purchased
and stored only in sanitary tubes, wrappings, and cartons, shall be
ept therein in a cl an, dry place until used, and shall be handled
in a sanitary manner
Item 16p. Pasteurization. Pasteurization shall be performed
s described in Section I (LT-of this ordinance .
Item 17p. Cooling. All milk and milk products received for
pasteurization shall immediately be cooled in approved equipment to
Oo F. or less and maintained at that temperature until pasteurized
nless they are to be pasteurized within 2 hours after receipt; and
all pasteurized milk and milk products except those to be cultured
hall be immediately cooled in approved equipment to a temperature
f 500 F. or less and maintained thereat until delivery, as deter-
ined in accordance ith Section 6.
Item 18p. Bottling. Bottling of milk and milk products shall
e done at the place of pasteurization in approved mechanical equip
ent.
I
ll
Item 19p. Overflow milk. Overflow milk or milk products shall
not be sold for human consumption.
Item 20p. Capping. Capping of milk and milk products shall
be done in a sanitary manner by approved mechanical equipment.
Hand capping is prohibited. The cap or cover shall protect the
pouring lip to at least its largest diameter.
Item 21p. Personnel, health. The health officer or a physi-
cian authorized by him sl-Lall oxamine and take a careful morbidity
history of every person connected with a pasteurization plant, or
about to be employed, whose work brings him in contact with the
production, handling, storage, or transportation of milk, milk
products, containers, or equipment. If such examination or his-
tory suggests tha (such person may be a carrier of or infected
with organisms of yphoid or paratyphoid fever or any other com-
municable disease ikely to be transmitted through milk, he shall
secure appropriat specimens of body discharges and cause them to
be examined in a laboratory approved by him or by State health
authorities for s h examinations, and if the results justify, such
persons shall be rred from such employment.
Such persons shall furnish such information, submit to such
physical examinations, and submit such laboratory specimens as the
health officer may require for the purpose of determining freedom
from infection.
Item 22p. Personnel, cleanliness . All persons coming in con-
tact with milk, milk products, containers, or equipment shall wear
clean outer garments and shall keep their hands clean at all times
while thus engaged.
Item 23p. Vehicles. All vehicles used for the transportation
of milk or milk products shall be so constructed and operated as t
protect their contents from the sun, from freezing, and from con-
tamination. All vehicles used for the distribution of milk or mil
products shall have the name of the distributor prominently dis-
played.
Milk tank cars and tank trucks shall comply with construction,
cleaning, bactericidal treatment, storagge, and handling require-
ments of items 9p, lop, 12p, 13p, and 1�+p. While containing milk
or cream they shall be sealed and labeled in an approved manner.
For each tank shipment a bill of lading containing all necessary
information shall be prepared in triplicate and shall be kept on
file by the shipper, the consignee, and the carrier for a period
of 6 months for the information of the health officer.
Item 24p. Distribution_. No regular retail distribution shall
be made during the hours of 9:00 P. M. to 5:00 A. M. Emergency an
special delivery m be made during these hours as occasion demands :
Provided, that iffy regular delivery is to be made during these
hours, a special p � it in writing must be obtained from the health
officer.
GRADE B PASTEURIZED MILK. Grade B pasteurized milk is pas-
teurized milk which violates the bacterial or the coliform standard
for grade A pasteurized milk and/or the provision of lip-cover caps
of item 20p and/or the requirement that grade A raw milk for pas-
teurization be used, but which conforms with all other requirements
for grade A pasteurized milk, has been made from raw milk for pas-
teurization of not less than grade B quality, and has a bacterial
plate count after pasteurization and before delivery not exceeding
50,000 per milliliter as determined in accordance with Section 6:
Provided, that the raw milk, at no time between dumping and pas-
teurization, h s a bacterial plate count or a direct microscopic
clump count ex ee ing 1,500,000 per ml. or a methylene blue reduc-
Lion time of less than 32 hours, or a resazurin reduction time of
less than 2 hours, as determined in accordance with Section 6:
12
Provided further, that the bacterial plate count of the raw cream
does not exceed 2,000,000 per ml. at the place of separation nor
3,000,000 per milliliter at any time prior to pasteurization.
GRADE C PASTEURIZED MILK. Grade C pasteurized milk is pasteur .
ized milk which violates any of requirements for grade B pas-
teurized milk.
SECTION 8. GRADES OF MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS WHICH MAY BE SOLD.
From the date on which this ordinance takes effect no milk or milk
products shall be sold to the final consumer or to restaurants,
soda fountains, grocery stores, or similar establishments except
A, B, and certified pasteurized grades : Provided, that when any
milk distributor fails to qualify for one of the above rades the
health officer is authorized to suspend his permit and or institute
court action, or in lieu thereof to degrade his product and permit
its sale during a temporary period not exceeding 30 days or in
emergencies such longer periods as he may deem necessary.
SECTION 9. REINSTATEMENT OF PERMIT; SUPPLEMENTARY REGRADING.
If, at any time between the regular announcements of the grades of
milk or milk products, a lower grade shall become justified, in
accordance with Sections 5, 6 and 7 of this ordinance, the health
officer shall immediately lower the grade of such milk or milk
products, and shall enforce proper labeling thereof.
Any producer or distributor of milk or milk products, the grad
of which has been lowered by the health officer, and who is properl
labeling his milk and milk products, or whose permit has been sus-
pended may at any time make application for the regrading of his
products or the reinstatement of his permit.
Upon receipt of a satisfactory application, in case the lowere
grade or the permit suspension was the result of violation of the
bacteriological or cooling temperature standards, the health office
shall take further samples of the applicant's output, at a rate of
not more than two samples per week. The health officer shall re-
grade the milk or milk products upward or reinstate the permit on
compliance with grade requirements as determined in accordance with
the provisions of Section 6.
In case the lowered grade of the applicant ' s product or the
permit suspension was due to a violation of an item other than bac-
teriological standards or cooling temperature, the said application
must be accompanied by a statement signed by the applicant to the
effect that the violated item of the specifications has been con-
formed with. Within 1 week of the receipt of such an application
and statement, the health officer shall make a reinspection of the
applicant 's establishment and thereafter as many additional rein-
spections as he may deem necessary to assure himself that the ap-
plicant is again complying with the higher-grade requirements, and,
in case the findings justify, shall regrade the milk or milk prod-
ucts upward or reinstate the permit.
SECTION 10. TRANSFERRING OR DIPPING MILK; DELIVERY CONTAINERS
COOLING; QUARANTINED RESIDENCES. Except as permitted in this sec-
tion, no milk producer or distributor shall transfer milk or milk
products from one container to another on the street, or in any ve-
hicle, or store, or in any place except a bottling or milk room
especially used for that purpose. The sale of dip milk is hereby
prohibited.
Milk and milk products sold in the distributor' s containers in
quantities less than 1 gallon shall be delivered in standard milk
bottles or in single-service containers. It shall be unlawful for
hotels, soda fountains, restaurants, groceries, hospitals, and
similar establishments to sell or serve any milk or milk product
except in the individual original container in which it was receive
from the distributor or from a bulk container equipped with an ap-
proved dispensing device: Provided, that this requirement shall
13
not apply to cream consumed on the premises, which may be served
from the original bottle or from a dispenser approved for such
service.
It shall be unlawful for any hotel, soda fountain, restaurant,
grocery, hospital, or similar establishment to sell or serve any
milk or milk product which has not been maintained, while in its
possession, at a temperature of 500 F. or less. If milk or milk
products in non-leakproof containers are stored in water for cool-
ing, the pouring lip of the containers shall not be submerged.
It shall be the duty of all persons to whom milk or milk prod-
ucts are delivered to clean thoroughly the containers in which such
milk or milk products are delivered before returning such containers .
The delivery of milk or milk products to and the collection o
milk or milk products containers from residences in which cases of
communicable disease transmissible through milk supplies exists
shall be subject to the special requirements of the health officer.
Homogenized milk or homogenized cream shall not be mixed with
milk or cream which has not been homogenized.
SECTION 11. MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS FROM POINTS BEYOND THE LI
ITS OF INSPECTION OF THE CITY OF AMES, IOWA. Milk and milk product
from points beyond the limits of inspection of the City of Ames,
Iowa, may not be sold in the city of Ames or its police Jurisdictio ,
unless produced and/or pasteurized under grading provisions identi-
cal with those of this ordinance; Provided, that the health office
shall satisfy himself that the health officer having jurisdiction
over the production and processing is properly enforcing such pro-
visions .
SECTION 12. FUTURE DAIRIES AND MILK PLANTS. All dairies and
milk plants from which milk or milk products are supplied to the
municipality of Ames, Iowa, which are hereafter constructed, recon-
structed, or extensively altered shall conform in their construc-
tion to the grade A requirements of this ordinance. Properly pre-
pared plans for all dairies and milk plants which are hereafter
constructed, reconstructed, or extensively altered shall be sub-
mitted to the health officer for approval before work is begun.
In the case of milk plants signed approval shall be obtained from
the health office and/or the State health authority.
SECTION 13• NOTIFICATION OF DISEASE. No person who is affect d
with any disease n a communicable form or is a carrier of such
disease shall wor at any dairy farm or milk plant in any c-.1):.t ity
which brings him in contact with the production, handling, storage,
or transportation of milk, milk products, containers, or equipment;
and no dairy farm or milk plant shall employ in any such capacity
any such person or any person suspected of "being affected with any
disease in a communicable form or of being a carrier of such diseas .
Any producer or distributor of milk or milk products upon whose
dairy farm or in whose milk plant any communicable disease occurs, Dr
who suspects that any employee has contracted any disease in a com-
municable form or has become a carrier of such disease, shall no-
tify the health officer immediately.
SECTION 14. PROCEDURE WHEN INFECTION SUSPECTED. when suspi-
cion arises as to the possibility of transmission of infection from
any person concern-J with the handling of milk or milk produc*s,
the health officer is authorized to require any or all of the fol-
lowing measures : (1) The immediate exclusion of that person from
milk handling, (2) the immediate exclusion of the milk supply con-
cerned from distribution and use, (3) adequate medical and bacteri-
ological examination of the person, of his associates, and of his
and their body discharges.
SECTION 15. ENFORCEMENT INTERPRETATION. This ordinance shall
be enforced by the health officer in accordance with the interpreta -
tions thereof contained in the current edition of the United States
14
Public Health Service Milk Code, a certified copy of which shall
be on file in the city clerk' s office.
SECTION 16. PENALTY. Any person who shall violate any pro-
vision of this ordinance shall be fined not more than $100.00 at
the discretion of the court. Each and every violation of the pro-
visions of this ordinance shall constitute a separate offense.
SECTION 17. REPEAL AND DATE OF EFFECT. All ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance are hereby re-
pealed; and this ordinance shall be in full -'o,ce and effect im-
mediately upon its adoption, and its publication, as provided by
law: Provided, that where major equipment replacement or procure-
ment or building changes are involved, a period of grace to be
agreed upon by the party involved and the cit health officer will
be allowed. This period not to exceed six (6� months .
SECTION 18. UNCONSTITUTIONALITY CLAUSE. Should any section,
paragraph, sentence, clause, or phrase of this ordinance be de-
clared unconstitutional or invalid for any reason, the remainder
of said ordinance shall not be affected thereby.
Passed this 20th day of June, 1949.
1`5
. W. Prat e r7 City C 1 e r k W. L. Allan, Mayor
Moved by McCormick, seconded by Molleston, that Ordinance No. 674
be passed on its first reading.
Voting Aye : Griffith, Bauge, McCormick, Molleston, Moore
Voting Nay: None
Absent: MacDonald
Moved by Moore, seconded by Griffith, that the rules be suspended,
the second and third readings omitted, and Ordinance No. 674
placed on final passage .
Voting Aye: Griffith, Bauge, McCormick, Molleston, Moore
Voting Nay: None
Absent: MacDonald
Moved by Molleston, seconded by McCormick, that Ordinance No. 674
do now pass .
Voting Aye: Griffith, Bau--e, McCormick, Molleston, Moore
Voting Nay: None
Absent: MacDonald
Mayor declared Ordinance No. 674 passed.
I, J. W. Prather, City Clerk of the City of Ames, Iowa, do hereby
certify that the above and foregoing Ordinance No. 674 was duly and
properly passed at a meeting of the City Council on the 20th day
of June, 1949, and published in the Ames Daily Tribune on the
day of June, 1949.
. W. ra her, City Clerk