HomeMy WebLinkAboutA016 - Staff Report dated November 24, 2002 - Property Maintenance Code I
STAFF REPORT
PROPERTY MAINTENANCE CODE
November 24, 2002
On July 23, 2002, City staff presented the Council with the attached report regarding the
concept of a Property Maintenance Code. At this meeting, the Council requested that
staff explore an ordinance that would deal with (1) the outside storage of household
furniture, furnishings, and appliances; (2) maximum grass/weed heights; (3) reimburse-
ment from property owners for costs incurred for any work/corrective action performed
by the City; and(4) establishment of a neighborhood panel to handle complaints.
The issue dealing with the outdoor storage of household material is the easiest to
confront. The proposed language for this concept is provided in Attachment I for your
review. The more difficult issue involves establishing a maximum height for
grass/weeds. It is difficult because there, no doubt, will be a disagreement about which
environmentally beneficial landscape material should be excluded fr in height limits (e.g.
ornamental or prairie grasses).
Staff has researched this subject further. Prior to proceeding with the draft of a nuisance-
type ordinance, the Council should consider which of the four concepts reflected in
Attach-ment II is preferred. The options include:
OPTION 1: Maximum Height Limitation Approach
OPTION 2: Regulated Lot Setback Area Approach
OPTION 3: Regulated Front Yard Setback Approach
OPTION 4: Regulated Lawn Approach
Once the preferred option is selected and the relevant policy decisio s are made, then the
matter can be referred to the City Attorney to draft the ordinance in the final format for
your approval. The passage of this new ordinance during the winter months will allow us
ample time to publicize this new regulation prior to the start of the next growing season.
You will note that there is no mention of a neighborhood mediation rocess in this report.
In researching this issue, it became obvious that this is a more complex issue than first
thought. In order to avoid further delay in reporting back to the Council on this property
maintenance issue, staff believes this concept should be examined further before
incorporating it into an ordinance.
ORDINANCE NO.
AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND THE MUNICIPAL CODE OF HE CITY
OF AMES, IOWA, BY ENACTING A NEW SECTION 17.34 FOR THE
PURPOSE OF REGULATING THE MAINTENANCE OF RESI ENTIAL
PROPERTY; PROVIDING A PENALTY; AND ESTABLIS. IING AN
EFFECTIVE DATE.
BE IT ENACTED,by the City Council for the City of Ames,Iowa,that:
Section One. The Municipal Code of the City of Ames, Iowa shall be and th same is hereby amended by
adding a new section as follows:
"17.34 RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY MAINTENANCE REGULATIO14S
1. Findins: It is found and determined that:
a) property values and general welfare are founded in part on the appearance of
private properties in the City;
b) some properties in the community have become a blighting influence due to the
accumulation of items of personal property in yards;
c) the existence of such conditions as described in this section are injurious to the
general welfare by impeding the enjoyment of other property in the vicinity;
d) abatement of such blighting conditions enhances the welfare o the citizens because
enjoyment of properties inclose proximity to each other depends on meeting a st mdard of sightliness
and tidiness. The beneficial effects of maintaining property to meet a ninimurn standard of
sightliness and tidiness include appreciation in the value of property,attraction c f capital investment,
preservation of the tax base,and neighborhood tranquility.
2. Standards: It shall be a violation of this section for any landowner or person leasing,
occupying or having control of any real property used for residential purposes, to keep, maintain,
deposit or perform or permit on such property:
a) outdoor use, outdoor storage or outdoor placement of household appliances,
household furniture,or household furnishings,unless such items are designed for outdoor use and
are used on the premises for purposes of the household;
b) (vegetation)
3. Costs of Abatement: Pursuant to subsection 364.22(9)Code of Iowa,when judgment
has been entered for a violation of this section,a court order shall be sought to authorize the City to
abate or correct the violation and order that the City's costs for such abatemen or correction of the
violation be entered as a personal judgment against the defendant,or assessed gainst the property,
or both."
Section Two. Violation of this ordinance shall be a municipal infraction punishable by a penalty of$50.00
for a person's first violation, $100.00 for a person's second violation, and $250.00 1br a person's third and each
succeeding violation.
Section Three. This ordinance shall be in full force and effect from and after its passage and publication as
required by law.
Passed this day of 12002.
Diane R.Voss,City Clerk Ted Tedesco,Mayor
00649B-17.34-Maintenance of Residential Propertympd
Revised 4-29-02,11-19-02,11-21-02
STAFF REPORT
PROPERTY MAINTENANCE CODE
November 24, 2002
OPTION 1 MAXIMUM HEIGHT LIMITATION APPROACH
• All plant material, except trees or shrubs, can be no taller than inches (6"to
14").
• All noxious weeds as defined in current Iowa State Code are prohibited.
PROS
Since option involves measuring the height of the materials, it should be relatively
easy to enforce.
This option should be easy for our citizens to understand.
This option should be the most acceptable to those who have complained about
their neighbor's yard care.
This type of approach has been established in other cities in Iowa(Iowa City,
West Des Moines).
This approach is consistent with the concept recommended by the International
Code Council.
CONS
This option inhibits homeowners from planting ornamental, prairie grasses, or
other environmentally beneficial landscapes that normally grow much taller than
would be allowed under this option.
The topography of certain residential lots might prevent the easy cutting of the
plant material as required under this option.
Unless exemptions are provided, City parks, meadows, large residential lots,
acreages, industrial lots, golf courses, and large commercial lots would be subject
to height limitations.
OPTION 2: REGULATED LOT SETBACK AREA APPROACH
• All plant material, except trees and shrubs, in the parking area and within feet
(2' to 20') around the perimeter of the lot can be no taller than inches. (6"to
14")
• All plant material outside this setback can be any height.
• All noxious weeds as defined in current Iowa State Code are prohibited.
PROS
The setback around the perimeter creates a tended look that might better satisfy
the neighbors.
From the property owner perspective, this option allows flexibility to plant an
unlimited number of species outside the setback area.
Fairly easy to understand
CONS
More difficult to enforce since the property lines must be identified to measure
regulated area.
Since there is no height limitation outside of the setback area, the neighbors might
still object to the plantings in this unregulated area.
OPTION 3: REGULATED FRONT YARD SETBACK APPROACH
'3, .
• All plant material, except trees and shrubs, from the street curb back_feet(2' to
20')toward the house in the front yard or from the street curb back to the house,
whichever is less, can be no taller than inches. (6"to 14")
• All plant material outside of this setback area in the front, side, and back yards
can be any height.
• All noxious weeds as defined in current Iowa State Code are prohibited.
PROS
This option should be easy for our citizens to understand.
Since this option only involves measuring setback, it should be easy to enforce.
From the property owner's perspective, only the front yard area is regulated.
Planting flexibility is allowed in the side and rear yards.
CONS
From the neighbor's perspective, the side and front yards that abut the
surrounding property can become"overgrown"which will result in continued
complaints.
OPTION 4: REGULATED LAWN APPROACH
• Lawn areas shall not be any taller than_inches. (6"to 14")
• Lawn areas could be defined as areas planted predominantly with turf grass
species not indigenous to North America that are generally cool season grass
species and their variations typically intended to be mowed.
ISU horticulturists have informed the staff that most grass species planted in this
area(Kentucky Bluegrass, Fescue, etc.) are not indigenous to North America and,
therefore, would be height regulated under this option.
• All native plant material (prairie) can be any height.
• All other non-native materials (ornamental) can be any height as long as they are
maintained within bedded areas that require edging and mulching.
• All noxious weeds as defined in current Iowa State Code are prohibited.
PROS
From the property owner's perspective, only areas planted as lawns will be
regulated.
From the neighbor's perspective, if an area is planted as a lawn, then it must be
maintained to a height regulation compatible with the neighborhood.
CONS
It will be difficult for our citizens to understand this option.
It will be difficult for the City staff to enforce this type of ordinance since we lack
the necessary expertise to identify certain species of grass.
From the neighbor's perspective, the ability for the property owner to grow native
prairie and other non-grass materials to any height will no doubt lead to continued
complaints.
STAFF REPORT
PROPERTY MAINTENANCE CODE
After receiving an influx of complaints regarding couches and weeds/grass heights, the City
Council directed the City Attorney to draft a "property maintenance" ordinance that will deal
exclusively with problems occurring on the yards of all residential properties. Maintenance
issues dealing with exteriors of buildings were specifically omitted from the directive.
Many of the yard maintenance complaints involving rental-housing units can be rectified through
enforcement under the existing Housing Code. However, since currently there is no companion
ordinance requiring certain maintenance standards for non-rental units, staff is not able to
effectively respond to similar complaints received concerning owner-occupied houses. It appears
from recent discussions among Council members that there is a desire to explore a
comprehensive property maintenance ordinance for all residential properties in order to provide
equal treatment for these types of neighborhood concerns, regardless of housing type.
Property maintenance ordinances have existed in various forms in cities throughout the
country for many years. Therefore, this type of ordinance should not be seen as extreme or
radical. However, each ordinance is unique because it reflects the specific values of a
community and the types of behavior that the citizens want to prohibit. What is acceptable in
University City, Missouri, might not be acceptable in Ames, Iowa. The property maintenance
ordinances in both cities could reflect these differences in values. Therefore, it would not be
appropriate to "copy" a property maintenance code from another city.
Before moving ahead to adopt a property maintenance ordinance unique to the City of Ames, the
City Council might want to consider the following issues.
Issue 1: Do the positive results of eliminating extreme behaviors of a few through
the imposition of a property maintenance ordinance outweigh the possible negative
impact on other homeowners?
Many times, the actions of few in a community cause policy makers to create ordinances
that effectively eliminate the extreme actions of a small group of individuals. However, if
we are not careful, the new ordinances might negatively impact the actions of others, who
are now subject to more stringent requirements that previously were not causing any
problems in their neighborhoods.
For example, in the proposed ordinance, the placement of boxes, bags, lumber, or metal
that are visible to the adjacent property owner would now be a municipal violation. In
the past, this type of storage might have been totally acceptable to a neighbor and,
therefore, no complaints were made to the City about this behavior. However, if passed,
2
this new ordinance would place the owner participating in this less than extreme behavior
in violation of a local ordinance.
Council members should be aware of this possibility. If you choose to proceed with a
property maintenance ordinance, you might want to consider only standards that
are considered extreme behavior and, therefore, are deemed unacceptable in our
community.
Issue 2: Are the current monetary penalties enough to motivate people to correct
the situation?
Based on past experience, staff does not believe that a $50 fine (up to $250 for
succeeding violations) will always result in the preferred outcome for the neighborhood,
the elimination of the negative behavior. Often, this magnitude of fines is not a deterrent
and, even when we do win in Court, the situation may continue for many months before it
is corrected. This prolonged process serves only to further frustrate the complaining
parties.
If the City Council chooses to move ahead with a property maintenance ordinance,
then consideration should be given to creating enhanced enforcement tools for the
staff.
• One approach would be to increase the fines to $500 for the first offense and $750
for each succeeding violation.
• Another approach would be to revise the Municipal Code to allow for the
assessment of costs to eliminate negative situations. In this procedure the
offending property owner is notified if a violation is occurring and given a period
of time to eliminate the problem. If this does not occur in a timely fashion, staff
is permitted to make sure the violation is eliminated (either through our own
efforts or through contract labor) and the cost of the work is charged to the
property owner.
Assessing costs for correcting such situations is governed by Section 364.12 of
the Iowa Code. In order to be successful in recouping these costs, a staff member
or contracted service provider with the expertise to make such judgments must be
able to prove that the situation in question poses a health or fire hazard.
Issue 3: Are you certain the traditional procedure for enforcing these types of
problems is the best approach?
The traditional approach for handling these types of complaints would be for the Council
to attempt to incorporate its thoughts on objectionable behavior into an ordinance, and
expect the inspection staff to investigate a complaint, interpret the ordinance, and attempt
3
to eliminate the offensive behavior through cooperative arrangements with the offending
party or through legal means if all else fails.
This type of enforcement activity is extremely time- consuming for the inspection staff.
Often we find that after taking time to inspect the complaint, correspond with the
offending party, and re-inspect the property to assure corrective action was taken, the
whole process is begun again as the infraction is soon repeated by the property owner.
In addition, in a significant number of cases, we receive complaints from neighbors who
have strained relations. What you or I might consider to be acceptable behavior with our
neighbors might be irritating to someone with whom you have a less-than-ideal
relationship. While a property maintenance issue might be involved, it is soon
apparent that there is also a deeper problem with their relationship that has
stimulated this latest complaint. What is really needed is some form of mediation.
Given these observations, the City Council might want to consider a non-traditional
approach to handling these property maintenance complaints that could include
any, or all, of the following steps:
-Interaction Between Neighbors
Require that the staff not accept a property maintenance complaint against a
neighbor until the complaining party shows proof that they have attempted to
resolve the problem by first discussing the situation with their neighbor.
-Neighborhood Panel
Create a standing citizen panel of neighborhood representatives to review
property maintenance complaints. Standards would still have to be established by
the Council in the form of an ordinance. However, in this scenario, the
interpretation of the ordinance and/or mediation between neighbors to eliminate
the violation would be performed by this panel, rather than City staff members.
-Inspection and Enforcement by City Staff
City staff would still have to inspect the situation. If the efforts of the citizen
panel fail, then staff would proceed with the enforcement process, hopefully as
prescribed in Issue 2.
This non-traditional approach might reduce the staff time required for enforcing
this type of ordinance and more effectively deal with underlying issue involved in
these complaints. Some variations of this proposal are utilized in other cities. If
you are interested in this unique approach, further research could be performed.
Issue 4: Comments Regarding the Proposed Ordinance
Ideally, prior to staff preparing a property maintenance ordinance for
consideration, the City Council would discuss in general terms the types of
behavior that you would want to prohibit in our community.
4
Given the lack of specific directions, the City Attorney has done a good job of
attempting to anticipate the priorities of the Council. The proposed ordinance
attempts to establish standards in five categories.
-The Council should decide if these five categories reflect all of the areas
that you believe should be addressed in a property maintenance ordinance.
You should know that the staff continues to receive a number of
complaints regarding (1) weeds/grass heights and (2) tarps on cars in
driveways that are allowed on vehicles that are not moved. Should you
consider additions to a property maintenance ordinance that would deal
with these complaints?
-Section 2a. The prohibition of outside storage of household furnishings
has been discussed extensively over the past weeks. It should mirror and
ultimately replace the language you found acceptable for the rental-
housing ordinance.
-Section 2b. Do you want to prohibit the storage for more than ten days of
all types of bags, boxes, or lumber that are visible to a neighbor or from
public property?
-Section 2c. The section dealing with broken windows needs further
clarification. Do you want to prohibit cracked glass as well as broken out
glass? Does the prohibition include the whole window or just the glass?
As emphasized in our overall approach to the newly established Neighborhood Liaison
Program,
"Instead of using regulations to respond to problems, the NLP should facilitate
processes through which neighborhoods can work with their residents, property
owners, and others to understand viewpoints and solve problems together."
If you choose to adopt an ordinance to resolve property maintenance issues, it might be
advisable to incorporate some form of this philosophy in our process to deal with these
issues.